The electrical signal represents an authentication code for the target authentication device. The target authentication device comprises at least one electrode configured to detect an electrical signal associated with a user of the target authentication device. In one aspect, a target authentication device is provided. Accordingly, new authentication approaches that are robust and less burdensome are needed.
Access to a very-high-security system might require a mantrap screening of height, weight, facial, and fingerprint checks (several inherence factor elements) plus a PIN and a day code (knowledge factor elements), but this is still a two-factor authentication.Ĭonventional modes of authentication have become increasingly burdensome and inadequate means for security.
Business networks may require users to provide a password (knowledge factor) and a pseudorandom number from a security token (ownership factor). Two-factor authentication is when elements representing two factors are required for authentication, the term two-factor authentication is applied-e.g., a bankcard (something the user has) and a PIN (something the user knows).
The three factors (classes) and some of elements of each factor are: the ownership factors: Something the user has (e.g., wrist band, ID card, security token, software token, phone, or cell phone) the knowledge factors: Something the user knows (e.g., a password, pass phrase, or personal identification number (PIN), challenge response (the user must answer a question), pattern) the inherence factors: Something the user is or does (e.g., fingerprint, retinal pattern, DNA sequence (there are assorted definitions of what is sufficient), signature, face, voice, unique bio-electric signals, or other biometric identifier). For a positive authentication, elements from at least two, and preferably all three, factors should be verified. Each authentication factor covers a range of elements used to authenticate or verify a person's identity prior to being granted access, approving a transaction request, signing a document or other work product, granting authority to others, and establishing a chain of authority. More generally, however, ways in which someone may be authenticated fall into three categories, based on what are known as the factors of authentication: something the user knows, something the user has, and something the user is.
In addition to being burdensome for the user, such minimum levels of security are easily hacked by someone skilled in exploiting weaknesses of computer systems. The owner may be required to enter a PIN/passcode several times per hour throughout the day, every day. Entering a PIN/passcode, however, is a frequent burden for the owner.
The amount of time a mobile phone allows access before requiring re-entry of the PIN is configurable depending on the desired level of security of the owner. ) arranged in various combinations.Ī minimum level of security for accessing a target authentication device such as a mobile phone is achieved by requiring the owner/user of the mobile phone to enter a unique four-digit character string referred to generally as a Personal Identification Code (PIN), and a passcode in the case of the iPhone brand of mobile phones. More particularly, the present disclosure is related to employing personal authentication techniques to authenticate users of the target authentication device.Ĭonventional modes of authentication include the use of passwords generally composed of character strings composed of letters (a, b, c. The present disclosure is related generally to authentication and/or passing value tokens, the process of confirming the identity of a person by verifying the validity of at least one form of identification by a target authentication device.
9,659,423, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein. 13/843,307, entitled PERSONAL AUTHENTICATION APPARATUS SYSTEM AND METHOD, filed Mar. This application is a continuation application claiming priority under 35 U.S.C.